How to change the case of text
- Paste or type your text into the box.
- Look through the versions shown below, which update as you type.
- Copy the one you want.
Which case to use for writing
- UPPER CASE suits short labels and signs, but long passages in capitals are harder to read and can come across as shouting
- lower case is useful for tidying up tags, email addresses and lists
- Title Case capitalises the main words, a common style for book titles and some headlines
- Sentence case capitalises only the first word and proper nouns, which is how most UK websites and GOV.UK write headings
This tool's Title Case capitalises major words and keeps short words such as 'and', 'of', 'the', 'a' and 'in' in lower case, unless they come first. So 'the wind in the willows' becomes 'The Wind in the Willows'. Sentence case cannot know which words are names, so check for proper nouns like London or Monday afterwards and capitalise them by hand.
Fixing text typed with caps lock on
If a paragraph arrives in capitals, or with the case flipped after caps lock was left on, paste it in and copy the Sentence case version. It puts everything in lower case and capitalises the first letter of each sentence, which fixes most of it in one go. Then read through for names, places and acronyms such as NHS or HMRC, which will need their capitals put back.
Naming conventions in code
Programming languages and file systems usually do not allow spaces in names, so developers join words using one of a few patterns:
- camelCase: first word lower case, later words capitalised, as in totalPrice. Common for variables in JavaScript and Java
- snake_case: lower case words joined by underscores, as in total_price. Standard in Python and common for database columns
- kebab-case: lower case words joined by hyphens, as in total-price. Used for web addresses, CSS class names and file names
Following the convention of the language or project you are working in keeps code easier to read, and for web addresses kebab-case is the usual choice because hyphens are read as word breaks.
Questions people ask
What is the difference between Title Case and Sentence case?
Title Case capitalises most words, as in The Wind in the Willows. Sentence case capitalises only the first word and names, as in The wind in the willows.
How do I fix text typed in all capitals?
Paste it in and copy the Sentence case version, then put capitals back on names and acronyms.
Which case should I use for web addresses?
kebab-case, with lower case words joined by hyphens. It is easy to read and avoids problems with servers that treat upper and lower case differently.
Does Title Case capitalise every word?
No. Short words such as and, of, the and in stay lower case unless they are the first word.
Is my text stored anywhere?
No. The conversion happens in your browser and nothing is uploaded.